Répondre :
Arguments for and against fracking: What’s the economic impact of fracking?
For
Those in favour of fracking argue it is a technology that provides benefits the world cannot afford to live without.
Their reasoning follows that renewable energy is not yet ready to meet the demands of the planet’s population on its own, and therefore using shale gas – which has enough supply to last 200 years, by some estimates – is the only viable alternative to the continued consumption of other fossil fuels.
Hydraulic fracturing began in the US in 1980s and came into its own by 2005, with every year since then experiencing growth in shale gas production in America.
The country’s 2012 Energy Outlook report predicted hydraulic fracturing will account for almost half of its natural gas production by 2035.
Today, the Marcellus geological region in Pennsylvania – the largest fracking area in America – produces gas equivalent to 250% of the entirety of Britain’s output, and has accommodated 322,600 jobs.
As for the UK, a 2014 study by professional services multinational EY argued if the country was to drill 4,000 wells over an 18-year period, fracking would generate £33bn in supply chain investment, while creating 64,000 jobs.
Against
Other research disagrees, however, with a 2013 environmental assessment report by consultancy Amec finding that fracking in the UK would create fewer jobs, in the region of anything between 16,000 and 32,000.
Hydraulic fracturing is also highly water-intensive – wells require anything up to 20 millions gallons of water and a further 25% on top of that needed for drilling and extraction.
This has a major impact on local water sources and the communities that use them – which are numerous, with a 2013 Wall Street Journal study finding more than 15 million Americans have lived within a mile of an exhausted fracking site since 2000.
Merci d'avoir visité notre site Web, qui traite d'environ Anglais. Nous espérons que les informations partagées vous ont été utiles. N'hésitez pas à nous contacter pour toute question ou demande d'assistance. À bientôt, et pensez à ajouter ce site à vos favoris !